超大超重甲板货绑扎中的应用与突破

　　――新型整体式stopper替代人字撑

　　Application and breakthrough in OOG lashing

　　――Integral stoppers supersede split welding ones

　　WIFFA散杂货运输联盟成员香港新丝路船务有限公司自有轮SEA TRAIN，于近日顺利完成在太仓装载5000余吨到美湾的超长超重钢板桩货物，单根长度达66米，直径1.528米，单根重量达155吨，配载位置NO.5+NO.4+NO.3(后半)舱盖，克令吊两侧各堆叠4层，堆高6米。船舶配载和绑扎难度远高于普通件杂货。

　　Hong Kong New Silk Road Shipping Co., LTD., be the member of WIFFA , has successfully loaded more than 5,000 tons of ultra-long and overweight steel sheet pile cargos from Taicang to USG recently, with a single length of 66 meters, a diameter of 1.528 meters, and single weight of 155 tons. Loading position NO.5+NO.4+NO.3(rear half) hatch cover, 4 layers on each side of the crane, stacking height of 6 meters. The stowage and lashing is much difficult than normal cargo.

　　按照常规绑扎方案，通常采用25B H型钢制作Stopper进行绑扎加固，所有stopper分列管堆两侧，支撑高度略高于底层板桩中心线，舱盖上间距为2米/道，单侧共25道，堆垛内外两侧共50道 。布置如下图：

　　As normal lashing schedule, commonly stoopers are welded by 25B H-beam , All stoppers are arranged on both sides of pipes stack,the supporting height is slightly higher than the pipe’s center of gravity , the distance of single unit is 2 meters per side, in total of 25 units stopper per side and 50 units stopper on both sides . The layout is as follows:

　　经过公司的反复计算和模拟，广泛征求业内行家意见，并对比多种绑扎方案的基础上，大胆突破，决定采用Q345B钢板整体Stopper代替常规人字撑，对底层所有板桩均采用独立两端双侧同时止移固定，底层单根板桩用量4道，整体堆垛两侧中部各6道，克令吊单侧共布置40道新型stopper,布置如下：

　　By careful calculation and simulation ,and take advices of the opinions of experts, We made a bold breakthrough and decided to use Q345B steel plate Stopper instead of H-beam stopper. All bottom piles were fixed with independent 4 units plate stoppers in both ends and sides . and 6 units plate stoppers in each middle side of pipe stack. In total of 40 plate stoppers are arranged on each side of the crane, and the arrangement is as follows:

　　如下新型绑扎方案，该方案业内鲜有采用，相比业内通用人字撑具备如下优势：

　　Now the plate stopper is rarely used in ocean shipping industry, but has the following advantages compared to welding ones:

　　1. 安全性更高

　　首先新方案对底层板桩进行了单根定位，杜绝板桩在航行途中船舶横摇时移位，分解了常规绑扎中板桩对两侧人字支撑的冲击合力;另外，根据材料计算，新型钢板stopper单件抗横向冲击蠕变力在150吨左右，而常规人字支撑常因现场制作时焊接质量波动对支撑强度削弱，造成安全隐患。

　　1. Higher security

　　First of all,4 units stopper or each single bottom pipe can prevent piles to shift while ship roll due to swell and wind, and avoid the combining impact force of piles stack . In addition, according to the material calculation, the transverse impact creepage resistance of single plate stopper is about 150 tons, while the conventional welded stopper often weakens the strength due to welding quality fluctuations, resulting in safety troubles.

　　2. 绑扎方案更经济

　　如果采用常规方案人字撑，克令吊两侧板桩共需100件人字撑，单件人字撑3.6米25BH型钢，按 42.03kg/m 计算，单件人字撑151.31kg,本次绑扎共需100*151.3kg=15.13吨H型钢;

　　采用钢板整体stopper方案，共需80件stopper,材质Q345B，单件stopper重量为24.56kg，本次绑扎所需80*24.56=1.96吨

　　所以，从所用材料重量来看，新绑扎方案仅需常规人字撑方案13%左右，不仅节省了材料，并大幅度减少了相应的人工成本，尤其是后期切割处理的成本。

　　2. plate stoppers are more economical

　　If adopt the welded stopper, in total of 100 units are needed on all pipes lashing, and a single welding stopper is assembled of 3.6m 25B H-beams. 42.03kg/m, a single stopper is 151.31kg, and a total of 100*151.3kg=15.13 tons of H-beams are required .

　　but for plate stopper, a total of 80 stopper pieces, Q345B material , a single stopper weight of 24.56kg, 80*24.56=1.96 tons required .

　　Therefore, the plate stoppers are only needs about 13% steel of welding stopper schedule , meanwhile also greatly reduces the corresponding labor costs, especially the cost of Cut after cargos discharge.

　　3. 装载空间利用更充分

　　另外，常规方案需预留1米左右的空间安装人字撑，相应减少了装货空间;而新方案无需单独占用装货空间，新型stopper仅在板桩间隙间就有足够空间安装，对货物装配载优势明显。

　　3. Better use of loading space

　　In addition, the welding stopper schedule normally needs to about 1 meter of space to fit, can’t load cargo on the space accordingly; The plate stopper schedule does not need to occupy the loading space alone, and to be fitted only in the gap between piles,so can load more cargo than welding stopper arrangement.

　　我公司SEA TRAIN轮采用本方案绑扎后，从太仓港出发，横跨太平洋，平均航速13节以上，途中遇横风和涌浪，船舶横摇达20°，所有装运货物均未出现移动，新绑扎方案的安全性和可靠性得到充分验证。目前，船舶已安全通过巴拿马运河。

　　安全高效，不负客户信任，永远是航运公司的立足之本。我们的每一次改进和完善，都是为了给客户提供更佳的客户体验。

　　Vessel SEA TRAIN started from Taicang Port and crossed Pacific Ocean with an average 13.3 kn speed , inspite of rolled up to 20° due to transverse wind and surge , all cargos never shift. The safety and reliability of plate stopper have been fully verified. Now vessel sea train has safely passed through Panama Canal.

　　Safe and efficient, never disappoint trust of customers, always be the development of shipping company. In order to better customer experience，We are always trying to innovate and improve.